Specification and Properties of stainless steel grades 316
In this article, Specification and Properties of stainless steel grades 316 will be illustrated. If you are looking for stainless steel grade products, contact Mirach Metallurgy Co.,Limited for detail.
Key Properties
These properties are specified for flat rolled product (plate, sheet and coil) in ASTM A240/A240M. Similar but not necessarily identical properties are specified for other products such as pipe and bar in their respective specifications.
Composition
Table 1. Composition ranges for 316 grade of stainless steels.
|
Grade |
C |
Mn |
Si |
P |
S |
Cr |
Mo |
Ni |
N |
|
|
316 |
Min |
– |
– |
– |
0 |
– |
16.0 |
2.00 |
10.0 |
– |
|
Max |
0.08 |
2.0 |
0.75 |
0.045 |
0.03 |
18.0 |
3.00 |
14.0 |
0.10 |
|
|
316L |
Min |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
16.0 |
2.00 |
10.0 |
– |
|
Max |
0.03 |
2.0 |
0.75 |
0.045 |
0.03 |
18.0 |
3.00 |
14.0 |
0.10 |
|
|
316H |
Min |
0.04 |
0.04 |
0 |
– |
– |
16.0 |
2.00 |
10.0 |
– |
|
max |
0.10 |
0.10 |
0.75 |
0.045 |
0.03 |
18.0 |
3.00 |
14.0 |
– |
Mechanical Properties
Table 2. Mechanical properties of 316 grade stainless steels.
|
Grade |
Tensile Str |
Yield Str |
Elong |
Hardness |
|
|
Rockwell B (HR B) max |
Brinell (HB) max |
||||
|
316 |
515 |
205 |
40 |
95 |
217 |
|
316L |
485 |
170 |
40 |
95 |
217 |
|
316H |
515 |
205 |
40 |
95 |
217 |
Note: 316H also has a requirement for a grain size of ASTM no. 7 or coarser.
Physical Properties
Table 3. Typical physical properties for 316 grade stainless steels.
|
Grade |
Density |
Elastic Modulus |
Mean Co-eff of Thermal Expansion (µm/m/°C) |
Thermal Conductivity |
Specific Heat 0-100°C |
Elec Resistivity |
|||
|
0-100°C |
0-315°C |
0-538°C |
At 100°C |
At 500°C |
|||||
|
316/L/H |
8000 |
193 |
15.9 |
16.2 |
17.5 |
16.3 |
21.5 |
500 |
740 |
Grade Specification Comparison
Table 4. Grade specifications for 316 grade stainless steels.
|
Grade |
UNS |
Old British |
Euronorm |
Swedish |
Japanese |
||
|
BS |
En |
No |
Name |
||||
|
316 |
S31600 |
316S31 |
58H, 58J |
1.4401 |
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 |
2347 |
SUS 316 |
|
316L |
S31603 |
316S11 |
– |
1.4404 |
X2CrNiMo17-12-2 |
2348 |
SUS 316L |
|
316H |
S31609 |
316S51 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
Note: These comparisons are approximate only. The list is intended as a comparison of functionally similar materialsnot as a schedule of contractual equivalents. If exact equivalents are needed original specifications must be consulted.
Possible Alternative Grades
Table 5. Possible alternative grades to 316 stainless steel.
| Grade | Why it might be chosen instead of 316? |
| 316Ti | Better resistance to temperatures of around 600-900°C is needed. |
| 316N | Higher strength than standard 316. |
| 317L | Higher resistance to chlorides than 316L, but with similar resistance to stress corrosion cracking. |
| 904L | Much higher resistance to chlorides at elevated temperatures, with good formability |
| 2205 | Much higher resistance to chlorides at elevated temperatures, and higher strength than 316 |
